【国会发言】去年，新加坡有近4万个诈骗案被提前拦截

严燕松议员问：

（a）新加坡是否有人工智能语音克隆诈骗案件数量增加的趋势？

（b）今年到目前为止，这类诈骗案件发生了多少起？

（c）政府如何应对这些类型的诈骗，包括执法、公众教育和实施技术解决方案以防止其发生？

内政部政务部长 费绍尔副教授（代表内政部长）回答：

新加坡警察部队（SPF）并没有专门统计这类案件的数量。虽然我们收到了几起投诉，举报者称诈骗者使用了语音克隆技术，但数量不多。

无论诈骗类型如何，新加坡警察部队与利益相关者紧密合作，比如本地电信公司和应用程序公司，防止犯罪分子利用我们的通讯渠道进行诈骗。2023年，超过9200个手机线路和超过29200个WhatsApp线路因涉嫌用于诈骗而被提交终止。

此外，资讯、通讯及媒体发展管理局（Infocomm Media Development Authority, IMDA）很快将对每个用户的预付费SIM卡数量进行限制。

正如我们多次在议会中提到的，打击诈骗需要全社会的共同努力。行业需要尽自己的责任。例如，社交媒体平台和应用程序应该引入增强的用户验证措施，以清除虚假账户，防止诈骗者滥用这些平台进行诈骗。公众也必须保持警惕，并采取必要的措施来添加、检查和举报（ACT）诈骗行为。

首先是添加（Add）。每个人都应该主动为自己的设备添加安全功能，保护自己免受诈骗。例如，安装防病毒软件并更新移动设备的最新安全补丁。

其次是检查（Check）。接到电话或信息要求提供个人信息、银行凭证或转账时，一定要单独核实，即使对方听起来像你认识的人。

最后是告诉（Tell）。告诉当局你的诈骗遭遇。如果你怀疑自己已经成为诈骗的受害者，立即联系你的银行并要求银行启动“紧急停用”措施来保护你的银行账户。如果我们每个人都尽自己的责任，我们就有更大的机会减少因诈骗造成的损失。

议长：严燕松议员。

严燕松议员（阿裕尼集选区）：感谢部长的答复。我可以澄清一下过去一年警察实际收到的语音克隆诈骗举报数量吗？其次，现在有些人工智能系统只需听三秒钟的讲话就能克隆一个人的声音。诈骗者可以利用这个克隆的声音来骗取这些人的朋友和家人的钱。我最近查看了ScamAlert电报频道和网站，但没有看到任何关于语音克隆诈骗的提及。

全国罪案防范理事会（NCPC）和其他机构是否计划教育新加坡人关于这种新型诈骗及其防范措施？例如，不要假定电话另一端熟悉的声音就是他们认识的人，并在家庭成员之间建立一个共同的口令。最后，内政部是否会对新的诈骗技术进行前瞻性扫描，并在接到首个警方报告之前就开始采取预防措施？

费绍尔副教授：感谢议员的补充问题。正如我所说，这类案件数量很少。关于教育工作和诈骗技术，是的，我们会不断更新，并与社区中的不同利益相关者合作，包括公众。

与此同时，我们也在发展我们的能力。例如，我们与行业合作，开发技术措施。比如，内政科技局（HTX）正在开发用于检测视频和音频深度伪造的人工智能技术，包括检测语音克隆的能力。

此外，新加坡通讯及新闻部（MCI）和新加坡科技研究局（简称新*科研, A*STAR）将在今年上半年正式启动在线安全先进技术中心。该中心将成为一个平台，汇集新加坡的研究伙伴、公司和从业人员，共同构建更安全的互联网能力。

这些能力可能包括检测有害内容（如深度伪造和不实声明）的工具和措施，注入水印或追踪数字内容的来源，并为弱势群体提供验证他们遇到的信息的资源。因此，基本上，我们会尽自己的责任来增强能力，就像诈骗者自己在提升能力一样。

然而，正如我早前所说，我们需要继续与基层接触。我很高兴地看到，即使在不同的邻里警察中心，我也能看到警察与基层互动——从普通民众到有知识的人——以便整个社会都能得到保护。因为我认为对诈骗者来说，这是他们实施犯罪或从人们那里偷钱的机会。但对我们来说，我们必须保护我们的人民。所以，我们会继续努力，与全社会参与进来。

Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song asked the Minister for Home Affairs (a) whether there has been an increase in the number of artificial intelligence voice cloning scams in Singapore; (b) how many of such scams have occurred this year to date; and (c) how is the Government dealing with these types of scams, including in the areas of enforcement, public education and implementation of technological solutions to prevent their occurrence.

The Minister of State for Home Affairs (Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim) (for the Minister for Home Affairs): The Singapore Police Force (SPF), has not been tracking the number of such cases. While we have received some reports, where the complainants had alleged that voice-cloning techniques were used by the scammers, the number is not high.

 Regardless of scam typology, the SPF works closely with stakeholders, such as local telecommunication companies and messaging application companies, to prevent criminals from using our communication channels as conduits for scams. In 2023, more than 9,200 mobile lines and more than 29,200 WhatsApp lines, which were believed to be used in scams, were submitted for termination.

 In addition, the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA) will soon be imposing limits on the number of post-paid SIM cards per subscriber.

 As we have mentioned several times in the House, the fight against scams requires a whole-of-society effort. The industry needs to play its part. For example, social media platforms and messaging apps should introduce enhanced user verification measures to weed out inauthentic accounts and prevent scammers from abusing them to perpetrate scams. On its part, the public has to remain vigilant and take the necessary steps to Add, Check, Tell (ACT) against scams.

 First, Add. Everyone should make a proactive effort to add security features to their devices to protect themselves against scams. For example, add anti-virus software and update our mobile devices with the latest security patches.

 Second, Check. When receiving a phone call or message asking for your personal information, banking credentials or for money transfers, always check and verify separately, even if the other party sounds like someone you know.

 Third, Tell. Tell the authorities about your scam encounters. If you suspect that you have fallen prey to a scam, call and tell your bank immediately and ask the bank to activate the “kill-switch” to protect your banking account. If each of us play our part, we can collectively have a better chance of reducing our losses to scammers.

Mr Speaker: Mr Giam.

Mr Gerald Giam Yean Song (Aljunied): I thank the Minister of State for his reply. Can I clarify how many voice-cloning scam reports were actually received by the Police in the past year? Secondly, there are now AI systems that can clone a person’s voice after listening to them speak for as little as three seconds. Scammers can use this cloned voice to trick friends and family members of these persons into transferring money to them. I recently checked the ScamAlert telegram channel and website, but do not see any mention of voice-cloning scams.

Do the National Crime Prevention Council and other agencies plan to educate Singaporeans about this new scam and how to protect themselves? For example, not assuming that the familiar voice on the other end of the line is the person they know and by establishing a common passcode among family members. Lastly, does the Ministry for Home Affairs scan the horizon for new scam technologies and start to take crime prevention measures before the first police reports start coming in?

Assoc Prof Dr Muhammad Faishal Ibrahim: I thank the Member for the supplementary questions. As I have said, the number is small. With regard to the education efforts and scam technologies, yes, we continue to update and also look at how we work with the different stakeholders in the community, including the public.

At the same time, we are also developing our capabilities. For example, we are developing technical measures in collaboration with the industry. For example, the Home Team Science and Technology Agency (HTX) has been developing detection methods for both video and audio deepfakes using artificial intelligence, including the capability to detect voice-cloning.

In addition, the Ministry of Communications and Information and Agency for Science, Technology and Research will officially launch the Centre for Advanced Technologies in Online Safety in the first half of this year. The centre will be a platform to bring together our community of research partners, companies and practitioners in Singapore to build capabilities for a safer Internet.

Such capabilities may include tools and measures to detect harmful content, such as deepfakes and non-factual claims, inject watermarks or trace the origin of digital content and empower vulnerable groups with resources to verify information they encounter online. So, essentially, we will do our part to enhance our capabilities as the scammers themselves do so.

However, as I shared have earlier, it is important for us to continue to engage the ground. I am pleased to share that even at the different Neighbourhood Police Centres, I can see the Police officers engaging the ground – from common layperson to people with knowledge of it – so that the whole society is being protected. Because I think for the scammers, this is an opportunity for them to commit crimes or to steal money from people. But on our part, we have to protect our people. So, we will continue to work hard to engage the whole society.

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