【国会发言】进口清洁电力2028年开始供电，新加坡还有B计划

1月8日，新加坡副总理兼贸工部长颜金勇在国会书面答复盛港集选区议员何廷儒有关监测从印度尼西亚进口清洁电力的情况，以及防止价格重新谈判和政策变化的保障措施。‍‍‍‍‍‍‍

以下内容为新加坡眼根据国会英文资料翻译整理：

  5 何廷儒（盛港集选区议员）女士询问副总理兼贸工部长：

（a）从印度尼西亚进口清洁电力与其他来源相比，预计成本差异是多少？

（b）在获得有条件批准的七个印尼进口项目中，有多少已实现财务结算？

（c）在基础设施投资完成后，有哪些保障措施可以防止已商定的定价条款被重新谈判？

 

6 何廷儒（盛港集选区议员）女士询问副总理兼贸工部长：

（a）是否有应急计划应对印尼计划的清洁电力出口低于2030年承诺的3.4吉瓦（GW）的情况？

（b）新加坡2035年低碳电力进口目标的6吉瓦中，目前有多少是由政府间的约束性协议支持的？

（c）在当前的有条件进口许可证中，存在哪些机制来保护新加坡的利益，以应对来源国修改其出口政策的情况？

 

颜金勇（副总理兼贸工部长）先生的答复：

能源市场管理局（EMA）已向七家进口商发出了从印度尼西亚进口3.4吉瓦低碳电力的有条件批准。其中，五个进口商因项目进展较快，已获得有条件许可证。我们将继续与印尼政府密切合作，支持这些项目的推进。这包括在项目进入下一个开发阶段之前，协调两国政府的审批流程。

 

进口商计划于2025年实现财务结算。如果成功，他们计划于2028年开始商业运营。目前，进口商正在与大型电力消费者协商购电协议。进口商和消费者都有兴趣达成双方都能接受的商业条款，特别是在定价和合同期限方面，以便消费者能够获得低碳电力以满足其减碳需求，进口商也能提高其项目的可行性。

 

除了印尼的项目外，我们还在与其他国家的项目开发商合作，进口低碳电力。这将为我们提供多样化的项目组合，帮助我们共同实现到2035年进口6吉瓦电力的目标，并有可能在2035年后进口更多电力。

 

在推进能源转型的过程中，我们将确保我们的能源安全。在可预见的未来，天然气将继续作为我们能源组合的支柱，即使我们在扩大电力进口、最大化国内太阳能部署，并可能在未来引入新的低碳能源，如氢能。我们还将拥有足够的本地备用发电能力，以满足在电力进口中断情况下的需求。

 

6 Ms He Ting Ru asked the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Trade and Industry (a) whether there are contingency plans for any reduction in Indonesia’s planned clean electricity exports below the 3.4 GW committed for 2030; (b) what amount of Singapore’s 2035 low-carbon electricity import target of 6 GW is currently backed by binding government-to-government agreements; and (c) what mechanisms exist in the current conditional import licences to protect Singapore’s interests in situations where source countries modify their export policies.

Mr Gan Kim Yong: The Energy Market Authority has issued Conditional Approvals to seven importers to import 3.4 gigawatts (GW) of low-carbon electricity from Indonesia. Of these, five importers have been awarded Conditional Licenses as their projects have made more progress. We will continue to work closely with the Indonesian government to support the progress of these projects. This includes, aligning approval processes within both governments before projects progress to the next stage of development.

The importers aim to achieve financial close from 2025. If successful, they plan to begin commercial operations from 2028. The importers are currently negotiating Power Purchase Agreements with large-scale electricity consumers. It is in the interest of both importers and consumers to come to mutually acceptable commercial terms, especially on the pricing and length of the contracts, so that the consumers can secure access to low-carbon electricity to meet their decarbonisation needs and importers can improve the viability of their projects.

Aside from the projects in Indonesia, we are also working with project developers to import low-carbon electricity from other countries in the region. This will give us a diverse portfolio of projects that can help us collectively meet our imports target of six GW by 2035 and potentially import more electricity beyond 2035.

We will ensure our energy security as we embark on the energy transition. Natural gas will continue to underpin our energy portfolio for the foreseeable future, even as we scale up electricity imports, maximise domestic solar deployment and potentially introduce new low-carbon energy sources, such as hydrogen, in the future. We will also have sufficient local backup generation capacity to meet our needs if there are disruptions to the electricity imports.